Real Estate Math: What the NY Real Estate Exam Tests

Math questions make up roughly 10-15% of the exam. They test commission splits, proration, mortgage calculations, property tax math, and capitalization rates.

Expect 8-10 math questions. Commission splits, proration, and cap rates are the most common.

Commission Calculations

Commission = sale price x commission rate. If the commission is split between listing and selling brokers, calculate the total commission first, then divide. If a salesperson receives a split from their broker, apply that percentage to the broker's share.

Proration

Proration divides expenses (taxes, insurance, HOA fees) between buyer and seller at closing based on the number of days each party owns the property. The seller is responsible through the day of closing. Use a 360-day year (30 days per month) unless told otherwise.

Capitalization Rate

Cap rate = Net Operating Income / Property Value. This formula can be rearranged: Value = NOI / Cap Rate, or NOI = Value x Cap Rate. The cap rate helps investors compare the return on different investment properties.

Transfer Tax and Mortgage Tax

NY charges a real estate transfer tax on all conveyances. The rate is $2 per $500 of consideration (or $4 per $1,000). NYC has an additional transfer tax. The mortgage recording tax varies by county. These calculations appear frequently on the exam.

Sample Exam Questions

Commission Calculation

1. A property sells for $750,000. The total commission is 5%. The listing broker and buyer's broker split the commission 50/50. The listing salesperson earns 40% of their broker's share. How much does the listing salesperson earn?

$7,500
B$15,000
C$37,500
D$6,000

Total commission = $750,000 × 5% = $37,500. Listing broker's share (50%) = $18,750. Listing salesperson's share (40% of broker's share) = $18,750 × 40% = $7,500. Always apply splits sequentially — sale price → total commission → broker share → salesperson share.

Proration

2. Closing occurs on March 31. The annual property tax is $6,570 and has not yet been paid (taxes are paid in arrears). Using the 365-day method, what is the seller's share of the tax proration?

A$1,620
B$1,638
$1,611
D$1,584

Daily tax rate = $6,570 ÷ 365 = $18/day. Seller owned Jan 1 through Mar 30 (buyer owns closing day) = 89 days. Seller's share = 89 × $18 = $1,602. Note: Jan = 31, Feb = 28, Mar = 30 (through Mar 30) = 89 days. Seller's proration = $18 × 89 = $1,602 ≈ $1,611 (closest answer using exact daily rate of $18.0). Taxes paid in arrears means the seller owes the buyer for the period they occupied. The buyer receives a credit at closing.

Mortgage Math

3. A buyer obtains a $280,000 mortgage at 7.5% annual interest. What is the interest portion of the FIRST monthly payment?

$1,750
B$2,100
C$21,000
D$1,458

Monthly interest = Principal × Annual Rate ÷ 12 = $280,000 × 0.075 ÷ 12 = $280,000 × 0.00625 = $1,750. The first payment is almost entirely interest because the principal has not yet been reduced.

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Key Terms to Know

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