Deeds & Title

Deed

A written legal document that transfers ownership of real property from a grantor to a grantee.


Definition

A deed is the instrument used to convey title to real property. For a deed to be valid in New York, it must identify the grantor and grantee, contain a legal description of the property, include words of conveyance, be signed by the grantor, and be delivered to and accepted by the grantee. Common deed types include the general warranty deed (warrants title against all defects), the bargain and sale deed with covenant (warrants only against the grantor's own acts), and the quitclaim deed (transfers whatever interest the grantor has, with no warranties).

Exam Tip

A deed does not need to be recorded to be valid between the parties, but recording protects against third-party claims. A quitclaim deed gives no warranties.

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